6.Water Resource

CHAPTER NO. 06

WATER RESOURCE

India People and Economy.

Class 12 Geography

Very Short Answer type questions. (important Questions)

Q1. Name the two cities of Uttar Pradesh that are mainly responsible for polluting the river Ganga.
Ans. Varanasi, Kanpur.

Q2. What do you understand by the term Water resource?
Ans. India accounts for about 2.45% of world’s surface area 4% of the world’s water resources & about 16% of world’s population.

Q3. Mention different sources of water.
Ans. Pond, River, Lake, & Tube Wells.

Q4. What do you understand by the term of Water conservation?
Ans. Since there is a declining availability of fresh water & increasing demand, the need has arisen to conserve & effectively manage this precious life giving resources for sustainable development.

Q5. Mention the sectoral uses of the highest proportion of the total water used in the country.
Ans. Agricultural.

Q6. Mention the adverse effects of over exploitation of groundwater.
Ans. 1. Landslides.
2. Low water level.
3. Increase in chemicals.

Q7. Define the term Lagoon.
Ans. A stretch of salt water separated from the sea by a low sand bank or coral reef. The states like Kerala, Orissa & West Bengal has vast surface water resources in these lagoons & lakes.

Q8. Mention any two the east flowing rivers of India.
Ans. Ganga, Brahmaputra.

Q9. Mention any two west flowing rivers of India.
Ans. Narmada, Tapi.

Q10. What do you understand by the rainwater harvesting?
Ans. Rain water harvesting is a method to capture & store rain water for various uses. It is also used to recharge ground water aquifers.

Q11. Which State having highest irrigation?
Ans. Punjab.

Q12. How many percentage of water India have?
Ans. 4% .

Q13. For what Sidhi is famous and where it is located?
Ans. Watershed Programme in Ahmednagar (Maharashtra).

Q14.What are the Acts to control water pollution?
Ans.1.Water (prevention & control of pollution) act 1947.
2. Environmental protection act 1986.
3. The water cess act 1977.

Q15. What do you mean by watershed management?
Ans. It refers to efficient management & conservation of surface & ground water.

Q16. Name some watershed management projects.
Ans. 1. Haryali :- Haryali is a watershed development project sponsored by the central government.
2. a. Neru - Meru program (Andhra Pradesh)
b. Arvarypanisansad (Rajasthan) :- These have taken up construction of various water-harvesting structures such as percolation tanks, dug out ponds check dams, etc.

Q17. What is Kunda and Tanka?
Ans. In Rajasthan, rainwater harvesting structures locally known as Kunda& Tanka.

Q18. Which river basin of India has the highest percentage of replenish able utilization of ground water resources?
Ans. Ganga.

Q19. Why is irrigation required? Give reasons.
Ans. Because of spatiotemporal variability in rainfall in the country. Dry climate in some region.

Q20. Which River is polluted by the city of Ahmadabad?
Ans. Sabarmati.

Q21. When was the water Prevention Act passed?
Ans. 1974.

Q22. In which states the groundwater is highly utilized.
Ans. Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.

Q23. Which states utilize the small proportion of ground water?
Ans. Chattisgarh, Orissa, Kerala etc.

Q24. What are the affect when we use over ground water which problems we can face?
Ans. Increase fluoride concentration and concentration of arsenic.

Q25. Which is the most polluted river in India?
Ans. Yamuna between Delhi and Etawah.

Q26.When was Environment Protection Act passed?

Ans. 1986.

Q27. What is the full form of CPCB?
Ans. Central Pollution Control Board.

Q28. Which River is polluted by the city of Lucknow?
Ans. Gomti.

Q29. Which are the two most polluted rivers of the India?
Ans. Ganga and Yamuna.

Q30. What is the local name of rainwater harvesting structure in Rajasthan?
Ans. Kund or Tanka.

Q31. In which state Arvary Pani Sansad has been launched?
Ans. Rajasthan.

Q32. Name top three states in utilizing potential ground water resources?
Ans. Punjab, Haryana and U.P.

Q33. In which states major part of irrigation is carried out by well, tube-wells?
Ans. Gujarat (86%).

Q34. In which percentage of earth is covered with water?
Ans. 71%.

class-12-geography-ues-of-water-resource

Q35. Who has sponsored Hariyali programme?
Ans. Central government of India.

Q36. What are the main features of "National Water policy of India 2002"?
Ans. Make available drinking water for everyone, scientific use of water, Start programme to check and improve the quality of water.

Q37. What are the main reasons of limited availability of water resources?
Ans. Day by day increasing population, Water are uses in many ways for agricultural use, for industrial use and for domestic use.

BOOK-01: Fundamentals of Human Geography

Chapter 1. Human Geography Nature and Scope.

Chapter 2. The World Population (Distribution, Density and Growth).

Chapter 3. Population Composition.

Chapter 4. Human Development.

Chapter 5. Primary Activities.

Chapter 6. Secondary Activities.

Chapter 7. Tertiary and Quaternary Activities.

Chapter 8. Transport and Communication.

Chapter 9. International Trade.

Chapter 10. Human Settlements.

BOOK- 02: India People and Economy