CHAPTER NO. 06
WATER RESOURCE
India People and Economy.
Class 12 Geography
Very Short
Answer type questions. (important
Questions)
Q1. Name
the two cities of Uttar Pradesh that are mainly responsible for polluting the
river Ganga.
Ans. Varanasi,
Kanpur.
Q2. What
do you understand by the term Water resource?
Ans. India accounts
for about 2.45% of world’s surface area 4% of the world’s water resources &
about 16% of world’s population.
Q3. Mention
different sources of water.
Ans. Pond, River, Lake,
& Tube Wells.
Q4. What
do you understand by the term of Water conservation?
Ans. Since there is
a declining availability of fresh water & increasing demand, the need has
arisen to conserve & effectively manage this precious life giving resources
for sustainable development.
Q5. Mention
the sectoral uses of the highest proportion of the total water used in the
country.
Ans. Agricultural.
Q6.
Mention the adverse effects of over exploitation of groundwater.
Ans. 1. Landslides.
2. Low water
level.
3. Increase in
chemicals.
Q7. Define
the term Lagoon.
Ans. A stretch of
salt water separated from the sea by a low sand bank or coral reef. The states
like Kerala, Orissa & West Bengal has vast surface water resources in these
lagoons & lakes.
Q8. Mention
any two the east flowing rivers of India.
Ans. Ganga, Brahmaputra.
Q9. Mention
any two west flowing rivers of India.
Ans. Narmada, Tapi.
Q10. What
do you understand by the rainwater harvesting?
Ans. Rain water
harvesting is a method to capture & store rain water for various uses. It
is also used to recharge ground water aquifers.
Q11. Which State having highest irrigation?
Ans. Punjab.
Q12. How many percentage of water India have?
Ans. 4% .
Q13. For what Sidhi is famous and where it is located?
Ans. Watershed
Programme in Ahmednagar (Maharashtra).
Q14.What are the Acts to control water pollution?
Ans.1.Water
(prevention & control of pollution) act 1947.
2.
Environmental protection act 1986.
3.
The water cess act 1977.
Q15. What do you mean by watershed management?
Ans. It refers to
efficient management & conservation of surface & ground water.
Q16. Name some watershed management projects.
Ans. 1. Haryali :- Haryali is a watershed development project sponsored
by the central government.
2.
a. Neru - Meru program (Andhra
Pradesh)
b.
Arvarypanisansad (Rajasthan) :- These
have taken up construction of various water-harvesting structures such as
percolation tanks, dug out ponds check dams, etc.
Q17. What is Kunda and Tanka?
Ans. In Rajasthan,
rainwater harvesting structures locally known as Kunda& Tanka.
Q18. Which river basin of India
has the highest percentage of replenish able utilization of ground water
resources?
Ans. Ganga.
Q19. Why is irrigation required? Give reasons.
Ans. Because of
spatiotemporal variability in rainfall in the country. Dry climate in some
region.
Q20. Which River is polluted
by the city of Ahmadabad?
Ans.
Sabarmati.
Q21. When was the water
Prevention Act passed?
Ans.
1974.
Q22. In which states the groundwater is highly utilized.
Ans. Punjab,
Haryana, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.
Q23. Which
states utilize the small proportion of ground water?
Ans. Chattisgarh, Orissa, Kerala etc.
Q24. What
are the affect when we use over ground water which problems we can face?
Ans. Increase fluoride concentration and concentration
of arsenic.
Q25. Which is the most polluted river in India?
Ans. Yamuna between Delhi and Etawah.
Q26.When was Environment
Protection Act passed?
Ans. 1986.
Q27. What is the full form of
CPCB?
Ans. Central Pollution Control Board.
Q28. Which River is polluted
by the city of Lucknow?
Ans. Gomti.
Q29. Which are the two most
polluted rivers of the India?
Ans.
Ganga and Yamuna.
Q30. What is the local name
of rainwater harvesting structure in Rajasthan?
Ans. Kund or Tanka.
Q31. In which state Arvary Pani
Sansad has been launched?
Ans. Rajasthan.
Q32. Name top three states in
utilizing potential ground water resources?
Ans. Punjab, Haryana and U.P.
Q33. In which states major
part of irrigation is carried out by well, tube-wells?
Ans. Gujarat (86%).
Q34. In which percentage of
earth is covered with water?
Ans. 71%.
Q35. Who has sponsored Hariyali
programme?
Ans. Central government of India.
Q36. What are the main features of "National Water policy of India
2002"?
Ans. Make available
drinking water for everyone, scientific use of water, Start programme to check
and improve the quality of water.
Q37. What are the main reasons of limited availability of water
resources?
Ans. Day by day increasing population, Water
are uses in many ways for agricultural use, for industrial use and for domestic
use.
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