7. Life Lines of National Economy

7. Life Lines of National Economy

Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 7. Life Lines of National Economy.

M.C.Q

Q.1. Six Lane Highways are called
a) National Highway
b) International Highway
c) State Highway
d) Golden quadrilateral super highways
Q.2. Golden quadrilateral super highways are maintained by
a) Zila Parishad
b) PWD
c) CPWD
d) NHAI
Q.3. Villages are connected to a major town through this scheme of roads
a) MNREGA
b) PMGSY
c) SJGRY
d) AAY
Q.4. Border Roads are constructed by
a) CRPF
b) BSF
c) Indian Army
d) BRO 
Q.5. Provides door-to-door connectivity
a) Airways
b) Roadways
c) Railways
d) Waterways
Q.6. Bulk carrier across nations
a) Airways
b) Roadways
c) Railways
d) Waterways
Q.7. Bulk carrier within India
a) Airways
b) Roadways
c) Railways
d) Waterways
Q.8. Principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India
a) Airways
b) Roadways
c) Railways
d) Waterways
Q.9. Width of two tracks of Broad Gauge is
a)1.676 m
b)1.000 m 
c) 0.762 m
d) 0.610 m
Q.10. Natural harbour in India
a) Hooghly
b) Paradip
c) Chennai 
d) Mumbai
Q.11. Biggest natural port in India
a) Chennai
b) Tuticorin 
c) Marmagao 
d) Mumbai
Q.12. Largest producer of feature film in the world
a) Britain
b) USA
c) France  
d) India

Q.13. AIR stands for
a) All India Radio
b) Indian Airlines
c) Indian Railways
d) None of these
Q.14. Terminal stations of East-West corridor
a) Mumbai and Nagpur
b) Nagpur and Siligudi
c) Mumbai and Kolkata 
d) Silcher and Porbandar
Q.15. Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?
a) Railways
b) Pipeline
c) Roadways
d) Waterways

SHORT TYPE QUESTION ANSWERS

Q.1. What is international trade? What do you mean by Balance of trade‘? What is the importance of trade?
Ans.- Trade between two countries is called international trade. It includes exchange of commodities, services, information and knowledge. Relation or difference between nation‘s exports and imports is called balance of trade.
It is of two types:
a) Surplus trade: when the value of exported goods and services is more than the value of imported goods and services. It is called favorable trade balance.
b) Trade Deficit: when the value of exported goods and services is less than the value of imported goods and services. It is called unfavorable trade balance.
The importance of trade is:
1. No country can survive without international trade because resources are space bound.
2. Advancement of international trade of a country leads to its economic prosperity because such a trade provides so many jobs to workers as well as business to traders.
3. It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign exchange which is required for importing many essential goods.
4. Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology.
Q.2. Mention the different means of transport in India.
Ans.- Means of transport in India are:-
a) Roadways
b) Waterways
c) Airways
d) Pipelines
e) Railways.

Q.3.What are the means of mass communication? Explain features of any two media.
Ans.- These are those means of communication through which one can communicate with several people at the same time. For example- Radio, newspaper and T.V. Television:-
1. It is one of the largest and essential networks in the world.
2. It provides entertainment and keeps the viewers well informed about the world.
Radio:-
a) It is the cheapest and the most effective means of communication.
b) Besides entertainment, it also provides information and promotes social education.
Q.4. What are the different types of roads in India?
Ans.- There are six types of roads:-
1. Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways or Expressway National Highways
2. National Highways
3. State Highways
4. District Roads
5. Other Roads or Rural Roads or Village Roads
6. Border Roads

Q.5 What do you mean by pipeline transport?
Ans.-Transportation of liquid, gases or slurries through pipes made of durable metal or a plastic tube is called pipeline transport. It is the most convenient mode of transport for crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas even solids like iron ore in slurry form to refineries, fertilizer factories, industries and big thermal power plants. 

For example:- 

1. From oil field in From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali (near Vadodara, Gujarat) Chakshu and other places.
2. Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, via Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur, Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh (HVJ).
Q.6. What do you mean by tourism?
Ans.- Tourism comprises the activities of the people traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environments for more than one consecutive day for leisure, business and other purposes. Tourists visit other places for heritage tourism, religious activities, Eco tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism.

 LONG TYPE QUESTION ANSWER

Q.1 What are the advantages of transport?
Ans.- 1. Facilitates easy and free movement of people from one place to another.
2. Helps to carry goods and materials from one place to another
3. Helps in production and distribution of goods.
4. Connect markets with the production centers.
5. Promotes easy accessibility of goods and services.
6. Helps in development of trade and commerce.
7. Helps to increase the volume of the Trade.
Q.2 What are the chief import and export items in India?
Ans. - Import Items:-
1. Agriculture and allied products
2. Ores and minerals
3. Gems and jewellery (26.75%)
4. Chemical and allied products
5. Engineering goods ( 35.63%)
6. Petroleum products (86.12%)

 Export Items:-
1. Petroleum and petroleum products (41.87%)
2. Pearls and precious stones
3. Inorganic chemicals
4. Coal, coke and briquettes (94.17% )
5. Machinery.
Q.3 What are the problems faced by Indian roadways?
Ans.- 1. Road network is inadequate for increasing volume of traffic.
2. About half of the roads are unmetalled.
3. The National Highways are inadequate and are poorly maintained.
4. The roadways are highly congested in cities and are lacking safety measures.
5. Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
6. Lack of proper security measures.
Q.4 What are the features of railways in India?
Ans.  1.Very useful for carrying heavy and bulky goods and materials.
2. Comparatively cheaper than Roadways and Airways for long distances.
3. Gives employment to a large number of people.
4. The Indian Railways are the largest public undertaking run by the Central Government
5. The principal (Main) mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
6. Railways conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing and pilgrimage along with transportation of goods.
7. Acts as an Integrating force by bringing people close to each other.
8. Suitable for long distances and Provides comfort of a home.
Q.5.What are the Problems Faced by Indian Railways?
Ans.- 1. Requires huge investment at the time of installation.
2. Maintenance and upkeep is very costly.
3. Construction is difficult and costly in uneven and high hills and deserts.
4. Not suitable for transportation of perishable goods.
5. Ticket-less travelers.
6. Thefts and damaging of railway property.

8. Conversions.
9. Sinking and slipping of tracks in rains.
10. Modernization and Electrification. 

Map

Major ports of India