5. Industry

5. Industries

Ncert solution for class 8 social science Geography chapter-05. 

Question. 1.answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
Answer. Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services.

(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?

Answer.   The location of industries is affected by the availability of raw material, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport and market.

(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modem industry and why?

Answer.  The iron and steel industry is referred to as the backbone of modem industry. This is so because it is a “feeder” industry whose products are used as raw materials for other industries.

Question. 2.Tick the correct answer.

(i) Fort Gloster is located in ....
  Answer.: (a) West Bengal 

(ii) Which one of the following is a natural fibre?                                                 
 Answer. (b) jute

Question. 3.   Distinguish between the followings.

(i) Agro-based and mineral-based industry

Ans.  1.Agro-based:  -  Agro-based  industries use plant and  animal  based  products  as  their  raw material.    

1. Examples of raw materials used: animal skin, crops.        

2. Examples of industries: leather industry, food processing.

2. mineral-based industry; -   Mineral-based industries use mineral ores as their raw material.    1.Examples of raw materials used: iron ore, limestone.

2. Examples of industries:  iron and steel industry. 

(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry

Ans.  A. Public sector :-   Public sector industries are owned and run by the government.       Examples: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.

B. Joint sector industry:-    Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state as well as individuals.    Examples: Maruti Udyog.

Question. 4.Give two examples of each the following.

Answer.
(i) Raw materials              -  -   (i) ores, plants

(ii) End products               --  (ii) Clothes that we wear, a car.
(iii) Tertiary activities       -- (iii) Trade, banking.
(iv) Agro-based industries   --  (iv) Food processing, leather industry.
(v) Cottage industries      ---  (v) Basket weaving, pottery.
(vi) Co-operatives         ---   vi) AMUL, Sudha Dairy.

EXTRA QUESTIONS-

 Question. 1.  What is the link between the mines and the industry in Pittsburgh?
Answer.: The Great Lakes of North America lie between the mines and industrial plant in Pittsburgh of services.

Question. 2.  Name three common methods of classifying industries.
Answer.:  Industries are classified according to raw material used, size and ownership.

Question. 3. Name an industrial region in northern India.
Answer.: The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is an industrial region in northern India.

Question. 4. Which city is called steel city of India?

Answer.: Jamshedpur